Requirements include

• flowers as a nectar source
• larval host plants of a particular species. The monarch's dependence upon milkweed is the best known example, but all species in the category have a similar relationship.

Threats include:

• loss of open habitats for nectar producing flowers and larval host plants due to land development, natural succession or tree planting projects.
• insecticide use.

Strategies

Protect nectar and larval host plant populations

• Manage habitats on local government lands for the appropriate successional stage, in consultation with species experts.
• Ban herbicide use for cosmetic purposes on lands under local government jurisdiction (municipalities only).
• Acquire habitats by purchase or parkland dedication during the land subdivision, rezoning or development permit processes.
• Restrict access to habitats on local government lands.
• Adopt sensitive maintenance protocols on local government lands.
• Prevent disturbance during development activities through the subdivision, building, or development permitting processes.

• Require the control or eradication of 'invasive alien' plants, as listed in the Community Charter's Environment and Wildlife Regulation (municipalities only).

Increase availability of nectar and larval host plants

• Seed appropriate plants in public parks, flower beds and other public lands.
• Encourage landowners to establish butterfly gardens containing appropriate plants through public education materials and programming.
• Require the seeding of appropriate plants on suitable lands through the subdivision and development permit processes.

Reduce insecticide use

• Ban insecticide and herbicide use for cosmetic purposes on lands within jurisdiction (municipalities only).

• Eliminate insecticide and herbicide use on local government lands.