Requirements include:

• safe nesting sites.
• abundant food supply, typically insects, berries or nuts.
• abundant cover.

Threats include:

• reduced availability or contamination of food caused by insecticide use.
• predation by domestic pets.
• Loss of nesting sites, especially old trees with cavities.

Strategies

Control domestic pets

• Use an animal control bylaw to prevent domestic pets from accessing habitats of listed songbirds.
• Include information on the dangers that pets pose to songbirds in public education materials and programming.

Reduce pesticide use

• Ban insecticide and herbicide use for cosmetic purposes on lands within jurisdiction (municipalities only).
• Eliminate insecticide and herbicide use on local government lands.

Install and maintain nesting boxes